Usage-based approaches to language and language learning: an introduction to the special issue

willingness to communicate in the iranian context: language learning orientation and social support

why some learners are willing to communicate in english, concurrently others are not, has been an intensive investigation in l2 education. willingness to communicate (wtc) proposed as initiating to communicate while given a choice has recently played a crucial role in l2 learning. it was hypothesized that wtc would be associated with language learning orientations (llos) as well as social suppo...

Teaching approaches to Computer Assisted Language Learning

Computers have been used for language teaching ever since the 1960's.Learning a second language is a challenging endeavor, and, for decades now, proponents of computer assisted language learning (CALL) have declared that help is on the horison. We investigate the suitability of deploying speech technology in computer based systems that can be used to teach foreign language skills. In this case,...

Language and birdsong: Introduction to the special issue.

By most accounts, language is uniquely human. No other species has a communicative system with such expressive power, one that allows us to transmit a seemingly endless set of meanings to our conspecifics. Every sentence we produce is composed of smaller linguistic units put together in a rule-governed manner. The standard view is that sentences are put together using syntactic rules that defin...

Language and Speech Audiovisual Prosodyy Introduction to the Special Issue

Introduction to the Special Issue on Natural Language Generation

There are two sides to natural language processing. On the one hand, work in natural language understanding is concerned with the mapping from some surface representation of linguistic material expressed as speech or text--to an underlying representation of the meaning carried by that surface representation. But there is also the question of how one maps from some underlying representation of m...